Mushroom cultivation
Mushroom cultivation
Mushroom cultivation
Contents
Debut
Nutrients
Botanical features
Mushroom Varieties Grown in Sri Lanka
Oyster mushroom cultivation
Straw mushroom cultivation
Pest Control
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Debut
Fungi are plants that appear early in the evolution of plants but do not develop.
2.
They can be classified into
higher fungi and lower
fungals.
3.
Some higher fungi produce spores for
their reproduction. They produce special forms such as flowers. Special shapes,
such as flowers, are called Canaan.
4.
Fungi do not have chlorophyll as in
plants around us. Fungi do not produce their own food, so fungi live as
parasites.
5.
These parasitic fungi cause fungal
diseases in crops of agricultural importance.
6.
But some fungi grow on decaying
plant and animal parts. These are called rot growers.
7.
Many of the mushrooms we use for
food belong to the rot breeding group and can be
considered as a fungus useful to humans.
8.
Mushrooms have been used for human
consumption for thousands of years ago. Until recently, many people in Sri
Lanka used only these naturally grown mushrooms for food.
9. But from recent times there has been a growing interest among our people to include mushrooms in their diet. As a result, he needs it. Mushroom cultivation is also done in homes to generate income. Today many people are engaged in proper mushroom cultivation.
Oyster and mushroom farming is an industry that requires less investment and more labour.
2.
Many businesses have the opportunity
to move forward with less investment and more effort. For example, beekeeping,
mushroom cultivation etc. Nowadays honey food is in high demand and there is a
lot of demand in the market. Honey is used for everything from medicine to
daily needs. But in today's environment,
the use of pesticides in agriculture has caused a lot of damage to the
environment.
Importance of Mushroom in Modern Times Nutrients
In today's time, food culture is very
degenerate. Fast food is a good example
of this. Consumers are ready for alternative food. But there are not enough natural foods
available in the market to cater to that. That is why we are still in the
nascent stage of mushroom production. Diabetes is caused by eating rice food. Apart from this, if you include millets like
ragi, bajra and jowar in your daily diet, you can maintain health and avoid
body problems like fat.
1. Need
energy (for man to work every day)
2. Eat to
grow body parts.
3. Have
immunity in the body.
Nutrients
Nutrients contained in 100g of fresh gallon
harvested
1.
Water-91.0 g
2.
Energy - 13 kcal
3.
Protein-2.5 g
4.
Fat- 0.3 g
5.
Calcium- 20.0 mg
6.
I ron-1.0 mg
7.
Thiamine- 120.0
mcg
8.
Riboflavin-500.0 mcg
9.
Naiacin 5.8 mg
10. Vitamin C-3.0 mg
Canaan also contains small amounts of protein,
various vitamins, and minerals. Mushrooms alone will not meet our daily
requirement. But mushroom protein is as good in quality as protein found in
various animal foods such as meat, fish, milk and butter.
Therefore, it is important to include mushrooms
while eating cereal products to increase the quality protein content required
by the body.
Botanical features
Fungi
have many common characteristics.
1.
Fungi have a simple body structure.
It may have a separate cell, similar to the chest in wine. Or it may have
filaments of several cells.
2.
One or more nucleus may be present
inside the cell.
3.
The cell wall is made of cellulose.
Sometimes it has an "caitre" force on it.
4.
Inside the cell is the cell.
Sometimes there is a small vacuum.
5.
The lipid osphere, glycogen and
vitamins may be present inside the cell.
6.
Unlike other plants, they do not
have chlorophyll.
7.
To be paralyzed. To suck the food
out of the feast. Instead of roots, they have a tangent shape.
The fungal filaments are joined together to form fungal filaments. As the fungus matures, as a result of this method of reproduction, the shape of some fungi is called the head. Its shape may vary according to different types of fungi.
2.
Only a few of the heads produced by
different fungi can be used for food.
3.
Fungi are scientifically classified
according to the characteristics of fungi. Accordingly, the mushroom used by us
for food belongs to the Pasidi Yoma VCD class.
4.
The peculiar feature of this class of
fungi is that they are produced as a result of sexual reproduction. Spores are
produced in special structures. After the mushroom blooms, it is the spores
that spread as a thin white powdery substance under the head blade of the mushroom.
5.
"The mushroom used for food in
the fungi of the class Pacidi yomenitis is carialase. The set can be further
divided into two parts, watery and nonliquid. It is called . Of these, water is
the only food that is used for food.
The Wheel
of Life of the Mushroom
When mushroom is artificially cultivated, only
the 7th and 1st are done alternately. This is the growth curve.
Types of Mushrooms
1.
Until the development of technology, we used to eat mushrooms
only during the rainy season. Now we can increase production
by creating climate for production. There are about 20,000 species of mushrooms
in total, of which 2,000 are in use in India alone, including oyster
mushroom, bud mushroom (detailed article in the April 2014 issue), country mushroom, rice mushroom and
milk mushroom. Mushrooms available in nature should be eaten only after
knowing that they are good.
Mushroom Varieties Grown in Sri Lanka
Two types of mushrooms are mainly cultivated in
my country.
1.
Zibril (Oyster Mushroom)
2.
Straw mushroom
Of these, the oyster mushroom is the most
famous.
Oyster mushroom cultivation
Basic Requirements
1.
The following basic requirements
should be fulfilled if oyster mushroom cultivation is to generate income.
2.
Humidity. Healthy and fertile
mushroom planting material (seeds)
3.
Construction of barrels and sheds
for steaming sawdust bags and straw.
4.
It is necessary to maintain humidity
and low temperature in the shed. There should be ventilation.
5.
To meet these needs, sheds can be
constructed with minimal investment. Or if there are old sheds near your house,
you can renovate them for this purpose.
6.
Water should not stagnate near
sheds. It should be clean. These sheds should be located in a fairly shady
place.
7.
Make a small room in the shed, which
should be darker than the rest of the spacious area. This chamber is used to
store poly bags or straw handles containing sawdust for the growth of fungus.
This is called the incubation room.
8. The other part of the shed should have a spacious area with some light and good ventilation. Poly bags ready for mushroom harvesting are kept in this room. This is called a harvesting room.(Cropping room)
1. Thatch the roof of the shed with coconut leaves. Build a wall with bricks or cover it with husks up to a height of 34 feet from the ground level. From wall to ceiling. The remaining portion can be opened and closed with gunny bags or wire mesh.This allows you to control the humidity and light of the air in the shed .
1. 
Spr ead clean sand about 2 inches high on the floor of the shed. Arrange the feathers in the
h arvesting room by
suitable methods. Bamboo or wooden plank can be used for this.
The feathers can be arranged in several trays.
There should be sufficient space between the feathers for easy access.
The success of mushroom cultivation depends
mainly on the use of quality mushroom seeds.
Do not use mushroom spores with the following
defects.
1.
The white colour of the spore sacs
is not evenly distributed and the trough
is black, yellow or cupy.
2.
Fungus are improperly packed bags.
3.
Bags are not sealed properly.
4.
Holes in the pockets. The lint clog
of the bag is wet.
·
Appearance of accumulation of water
in the bags.
Uniform white fungus can be seen growing in good quality oyster mushroom spore bags.
Always buy the seeds you need from
trusted seed producers.
2.
Store in a dark, cool place until
using the mushroom seed bags
1.
When cultivating sawdust, steam the
sawdust should be extinguished. A 200 litre capacity "grease" barrel
with tightly closed lids is best suited for this purpose. Make a small hole in
the middle of the lid with a nail so that the steam escapes only through this
hole in the hair. If it is not possible to close the lid tightly, a bicelicular
tube should be used to prevent steam from escaping.
Place a wire mesh an inch from the bottom of the barrel to facilitate packing of sawdust bags into the barrel. Or make 10 sq.m. by using small sticks. A tall desk (6 inches). Place something like inside the barrel
Similarly when mushrooms are grown in straw. It can also be used to boil straw in hot water.
This helps to disinfect the mushroom growing medium thoroughly.
Method of cultivation
1.
Oyster mushroom can be cultivated in
many ways.
2.
Polypropylene Polypropylene Bagted
Wooden Sheet
The materials required are as follows
1.
200 Sage Bonipropylene bags 7 inches
wide and 17 inches long.
2.
Use of polythene bags at any time
Polythene bags should be heated when they are disinfected after filling in
rearing chambers by boiling them with water, hence the culture media in
polybags as well as polybags are not well disinfected. Diameter b/ there
1.
Tall PVC pipes Rubber Labels
2.
4×4 Stacks of paper there.
3. Sawdust rubber, 87. It is important to obtain powders of lightweight walks such as Albicea.
Mushroom cultivation
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